Instructional Leadership in Analyzing Education Report Cards to Improve Literacy and Numeracy: A Case Study of an STP-Implementing in a High School
Article Number: e2026075 | Available Online: May 2026 | DOI: 10.22521/edupij.2026.23.75
Mohamad Mustari , Mansoor Abdul Hamid , Aliefman Hakim , Joni Rohmat , Kosim , Satutik Rahayu , Nurul Aulia
Full text PDF |
320 |
152
Abstract
|
Background/purpose. Analysis of educational report cards shows that instructional leadership contributes significantly to improving educational standards. With an emphasis on initiative and collaborative efforts to improve literacy and numeracy outcomes, this study explores the role of instructional leadership in three high schools with different leadership styles. Human resources (HR) are the primary factor in implementing the School Transformation Program (STP). Materials/methods. This research was conducted in Mataram City. This research uses a qualitative methodology and collects information from educators and school principals through observation, documentation, and interviews. Results. The findings of the study show that effective instructional leadership techniques for implementing the school's vision and mission are based on an analysis of educational report cards, which recommend prioritized planning, including training teachers, creating a supportive learning environment, and developing a curriculum aligned with student needs. In addition, education report cards are periodically evaluated as part of the preparation of the School Activity Budget Plan (SABP) each year. Planning is based on a priority scale that accounts for advantages and disadvantages in the learning process. |
Conclusion. Effective and collaborative instructional leadership can improve students' literacy and numeracy achievement, thereby enhancing overall educational standards. To analyze the education report card optimally, visionary instructional leadership is needed to align the school's vision and mission with efforts to improve literacy and numeracy achievement.
Keywords: Instructional Leadership, Education Report Card, Literacy, Numeracy
ReferencesAdanne, E. F. (2024). A Meta-Analysis of Data-Driven School Leaders and School Effectiveness in the 21st Century. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 12(01), 204–225. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2024.121011
Aldighrir, W. M. (2024). Psychometric Properties of the Principal Instructional Leadership Scale (PILS) in Saudi Arabia. Acta Psychologica, 246(April), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104262
Aslam, A., Wahab, A. A., Nurdin, D., & Suharto, N. (2022). Kepemimpinan Instruksional Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru. Journal Basicedu, 6(3), 3954–3961. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2742
Budi Teguh Harianto. (2023a). Rapor Pendidikan: Analisis Rapor Pendidikan Sebagai Dasar Penyusunan Program Berbasis Data. Journal Khazanah Intelektual, 7(2), 1717–1732. https://doi.org/10.37250/khazanah.v7i2.207
Budi Teguh Harianto. (2023b). Rapor Pendidikan: Analisis Rapor Pendidikan Sebagai Dasar Penyusunan Program Berbasis Data. Jurnal Khazanah Intelektual, 7(2), 1717–1732. https://doi.org/10.37250/khazanah.v7i2.207
Craig, T. A. (2011). Effects of standards-based report cards on student learning. Northeastern University. https://doi.org/10.17760/d20002355
Cuttance, P. (1990). Performance Indicators and the Management of Quality in Education.
De Bruin, K., Kestel, E., Francis, M., Forgasz, H., & Fries, R. (2022). Supporting students significantly behind in literacy and numeracy: a review of evidence-based approaches.
Donkoh, R., Lee, W. O., Ahoto, A. T., Donkor, J., Twerefoo, P. O., Akotey, M. K., & Ntim, S. Y. (2023). Effects of educational management on quality education in rural and urban primary schools in Ghana. Heliyon, 9(11), e21325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21325
Ebisine, S. S. (2015). Curriculum innovation and Information and Communication Technology (ICT): An analysis. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4S1), 264–267. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s1p264
Ferry, A., & Muspawi, M. (2023a). Analisis Rapor Pendidikan Dalam Perencanaan Berbasis Data Pada Rkas Smpn 4 Betara. JOEAI (Journal of Education and Instruction), 6(2), 558–600.
Ferry, A., & Muspawi, M. (2023b). Analisis Rapor Pendidikan Dalam Perencanaan Berbasis Data Pada Rkas Smpn 4 Betara. JOEAI (Journal of Education and Instruction), 6(2), 558–600.
Gedamu, A. D., & Shewangezaw, G. L. (2022). Secondary school teachers’ management and assessment strategies for free riders in group work: implications for engaging the disengaged. Heliyon, 8(6), e09742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09742
Greenland, S., Saleem, M., Misra, R., & Mason, J. (2022). Sustainable management education and an empirical five-pillar model of sustainability. International Journal of Management Education, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100658
Heriyanto, M. (2023). Karakteristik Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dalam Mengembangkan Program Sekolah Penggerak Di Sma Negeri 1 Kota Dumai. 3, 2673–2684.
I Nyoman Kiriana, & Ni Nyoman Sri Widiasih. (2023). Implementasi Rapor Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan Nasional. Widya Accarya, 14(2), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.46650/wa.14.2.1462.156-164
Irawan, J., & Hakim, A. (2023, April). Development of etnoscience-based natural resources chemistry practicum guideline. In THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE EDUCATION AND SCIENCES (Vol. 2619, No. 1, p. 080001). AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0123061
Kemdikbud, R. I. (2022). Buku Saku Rapor Pendidikan Indonesia. 1–50.
Khatri, P., Duggal, H. K., Lim, W. M., Thomas, A., & Shiva, A. (2024). Student well-being in higher education: Scale development and validation with implications for management education. International Journal of Management Education, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100933
Kurniawan, H. (2022). Kepemimpinan Dalam Pendidikan Islam: Mengkritik Gaya Kepemimpinan Klasik Di Era Informasi. Proceedings of Internasional Conference on Islamic Studies, 1(1), 5.
Li, J., Luo, H., Zhao, L., Zhu, M., Ma, L., & Liao, X. (2022). Promoting STEAM education in primary school through cooperative teaching: A design-based research study. Sustainability, 14(16), 10333. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610333
Manea, A. D. (2021). Teacher Self Evaluation-Indicator of Quality Management in Education. Astra Salvensis-revista de istorie si cultura, 9(18), 37-46.
Marmoah, S., & Poerwanti, Suharno, J. I. S. (2022). Literacy culture management of elementary school in Indonesia. Heliyon, 8(4), e09315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09315
Masduki, L. R., Pakaja, J. A., Wibowo, M., Arifin, Y., Khairunnisa, D., Caska, C., Tuasikal, M. A., & Mustari, M. (2024a). Investigating the effects of e-learning, digital transformation, and digital innovation on school performance in the digital era. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(3), 1567–1576. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2024.3.010
Masduki, L. R., Pakaja, J. A., Wibowo, M., Arifin, Y., Khairunnisa, D., Caska, C., Tuasikal, M. A., & Mustari, M. (2024b). Investigating the effects of e-learning, digital transformation, and digital innovation on school performance in the digital era. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(3), 1567–1576. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2024.3.010
Meyer, A., Hartung-Beck, V., Gronostaj, A., Krüger, S., & Richter, D. (2023). How can principal leadership practices promote teacher collaboration and organizational change? A longitudinal multiple case study of three school improvement initiatives. Journal of Educational Change, 24(3), 425-455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-022-09451-9
Muda, I. (2019). Educational institution performance measurement based on Miles and Huberman models using balanced scorecard approach. Calitatea, 20(170), 32-41.
Mulisa, F. (2022). When does a researcher choose a quantitative, qualitative, or mixed research approach?. Interchange, 53(1), 113-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10780-021-09447-z
Mustari, M. (2023). Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Melalui Gerakan Literasi dan Numerasi. Socio Politica : Jurnal Ilmiah Jurusan Sosiologi, 12(2), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.15575/socio-politica.v12i2.22342
Paulo, S., Graham, D., Anne, L., & Deborah, N. (2012). OECD Reviews of Evaluation and Assessment in Education OECD Reviews of Evaluation and Assessment in Education: Portugal 2012. April, 183.
Ramos-Pla, A., Tintoré, M., & del Arco, I. (2021). Leadership in times of crisis. School principals facing COVID-19. Heliyon, 7(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08443
Salsabila, Y., Fatah, A., & Jaenudin, J. (2023). Hubungan antara Literasi Numerasi terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif Siswa SMP di Kecamatan Curug. JURNAL ILMIAH PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA, 6(1), 42–54. https://doi.org/10.46918/equals.v6i1.1789
Santos, K. D. S., Ribeiro, M. C., Queiroga, D. E. U. D., Silva, I. A. P. D., & Ferreira, S. M. S. (2020). The use of multiple triangulations as a validation strategy in a qualitative study. Ciencia & saude coletiva, 25, 655-664. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020252.12302018
Sari, G. I., Winasis, S., Pratiwi, I., & Nuryanto, U. W. (2024). Strengthening digital literacy in Indonesia: Collaboration, innovation, and sustainability education. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 101100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101100
Setiawan, W. E., & Sasongko, R. N. (2023). PENGELOLAAN PENINGKATAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN NUMERASI BERDASARKAN HASIL RAPOR PENDIDIKAN DI SMPN 01 BENGKULU UTARA 1Wawan. JURNAL MANAJER PENDIDIKAN, 17(3), 25–37.
Shal, T., Ghamrawi, N., & Naccache, H. (2024). Leadership styles and AI acceptance in academic libraries in higher education. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 50(2), 102849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2024.102849
Spillane, J. P. (2005). Distributed leadership. Educational Forum, 69(2), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131720508984678
Supovitz, J. A., & Klein, V. (2003). Mapping a course for improved student learning: How innovative schools systematically use student performance data to guide improvement. https://doi.org/10.1037/e382752004-001
Supriyanto, A. (2015). Implementasi Total Quality Management Dalam Sistem Manajemen Mutu Pembelajaran Di Institusi Pendidikan. In Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan (Vol. 1, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v1i1.4188
Suwartono, T., Nurhayati, S., Mustari, M., & Erlawati, E. (2025). The adaptability and resilience of Indonesian EFL teachers during emergency online education. 9(2), 1071–1081. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i2.4653
Toom, A., Pyhältö, K., Pietarinen, J., & Soini, T. (2021). Professional agency for learning as a key for developing teachers’ competencies? Education Sciences, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11070324