The Impact of Cultural Values and Poster Comments on Self-Efficacy: Evidence from Indonesian Higher Education Students

Background/purpose. This study aims to investigate how a culturally integrated cooperative learning model, combining Poster Comment with Longko's cultural values, affects students' self-efficacy.

Materials/methods. There were an experimental group and a control group in a quasi-experimental 2x2 factorial design to examine how two independent factors affect a single dependent variable and how the two independent variables interact. Researchers used self-efficacy surveys in questionnaires, observation, and documentation to gather data. The results of this study were from Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS).

Results. The SEM-PLS analysis results showed that the poster comment model had a large effect on students' self-efficacy, both directly (β = 0.305, p = 0.028) and indirectly through Longko's cultural values (indirect effect = 0.393, p = 0.001). Local cultural values had a big effect on self-efficacy (β = 0.523, p = 0.000) and were also affected by the poster comment technique (β = 0.752, p = 0.000). The model explained 60.6% of the variance in self-efficacy, underscoring the importance of learning together and in ways that are culturally grounded. Adding indigenous values to cooperative learning can help students become more involved and build self-confidence.

Conclusion. Using Longko's cultural values in a poster-based cooperative learning approach enhances students’ self-efficacy, making them feel more capable, motivated, and involved in character education by making it culturally relevant, encouraging peer collaboration, and fostering a strong sense of participation.

Limitations and implications. The study only evaluated one cultural context and a short-term intervention; thus, future research should expand to include local cultural values in cooperative learning to increase students' confidence, involvement, and cultural identity.

Keywords: Cooperative Learning, cultural values, Longko’s cultural values, poster comment, self-efficacy

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