Psychometric Properties of The Arabic Version of Generic Scale of Phubbing (A-GSP)

Background/purpose. Phubbing has emerged as a psychological and behavioral concern that threatens the quality of interpersonal relationships and psychological well-being, particularly among adolescents and adults, so the current research aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Generic Scale of Phubbing (A-GSP), which was originally created by Chotpitayasunondh & Douglas (2018).

Materials/methods. The original 15-item scale was translated, which consisted of fifteen items. It was administered to a sample of 1468 undergraduate and postgraduate university students from three different Arab countries: Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Oman.

Results. The validity and reliability of the A-GSP were assessed using internal consistency, which examined both the items and the sub-scales. Also, the reliability of A-GSP was established using Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability methods, both for the sub-scales and the overall scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggested a hierarchical four-factor (Nomophobia, Interpersonal conflict, Self-isolation, and Problem acknowledgement) solution and construct validity.

Conclusion. Our findings suggest that the A-GSP has acceptable psychometric properties and provide empirical support for its validity and reliability as a tool for assessing phubbing behaviors in Arabic-speaking populations.

Keywords: Arabic version, Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP), reliability, validity

References

Balta, S., Emirtekin, E., Kircaburun, K., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Neuroticism, trait fear of missing out, and phubbing: The mediating role of state fear of missing out and problematic Instagram use. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18, 628-639.‏ https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9959-8

Blachnio, A., & Przepiorka, A. (2019). Be aware! If you start using Facebook problematically you will feel lonely: Phubbing, and Facebook intrusion. A cross-sectional study. Social Science Computer Review, 37(2), 270–278. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439318754490

Blanca, M. J., & Bendayan, R. (2018). Spanish version of the Phubbing Scale: Internet addiction, Facebook intrusion, and fear of missing out as correlates. Psicothema, 30(4), 449-454.‏ https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2018.153

Brown, R. (2020). Digital Addiction: Breaking Free from the Shackles of Screen Time. HarperOne.

Chan, M. (2015). Mobile phones and the good life: Examining the relationships among mobile use, social capital and subjective well-being. New Media & Society, 17(1), 96-113. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813516836

Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2016). How “phubbing” becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone. Computers in human behavior, 63, 9-18.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.018

Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2018). Measuring phone snubbing behavior: Development and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP). Computers in human behavior, 88, 5-17.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.020

Cizmeci, E. (2017). Disconnected, though satisfied: Phubbing behavior and relationship satisfaction. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication, 7(2), 364-375.‏ https://doi.org/10.7456/10702100/018

Dwyer, R. J., Kushlev, K., & Dunn, E. W. (2018). Smartphone use undermines enjoyment of face-to-face social interactions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 78, 233-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2017.10.007

Esfahani, M. H., Khanjani, M., & Bazram, A. (2022). The factor Structure and psychometric properties of Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP). Educational Measurement, 12(46), 7-26.‏ https://doi.org/10.22054/jem.2022.64299.3313

Franchina, V., Vanden Abeele, M., van Rooij, A. J., Lo Coco, G., & De Marez, L. (2018). Fear of missing out as a predictor of problematic social media use and phubbing behavior among Flemish adolescents. International Journal Environment Research and Public Health, 15(10), 2319. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102319

Gavcar, E. G., Büber, A., Balkıs, M., & Şimşek, Ç. (2023). The psychometric properties of the general phubbing scale in adolescents. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 16(3), 392-403. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1232372

Guazzini, A., Duradoni, M., Capelli, A., & Meringolo, P. (2019). An explorative model to assess individuals’ phubbing risk. Future Internet, 11(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11010021

Johnson, B. (2019). The Technology Trap: Digital Media and the Perils of Oversharing. Oxford University Press.

Kaczmarek, L. D., Behnke, M., & Dżon, M. (2019). The Gengar effect: excessive Pokémon Go players report stronger smartphone addiction, phubbing, pain, and vision-related problems. PsyArXiv, 1-37.‏ https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3behp

Karadag, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Şahin, B. M., Çulha, I., & Babadag, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(2), 60–74. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.005

Lee, Y.-K., Chang, C.-T., Lin, Y., & Cheng, Z.-H. (2014). The dark side of smartphone usage: Psychological traits, compulsive behavior and technostress. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 373-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.047

Li, Y. (2023). Validation and short-form development of the generic scale of being phubbed and phubbing and relationship between being phubbed and phubbing in Chinese adolescents. Current Psychology, 42(25), 21424-21434.‏ https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03222-8

Nazir, T., & Bulut, S. (2019). Phubbing and what could be its determinants: A dugout of literature. Psychology, 10(2), 819–829. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2019.106053

Nazir, T., & Paskin, M. (2016). Phubbing: A technological invasion which connected the world but disconnected humans. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 3(4), 175-182. https://doi.org/10.25215/0304.195

Roberts, J. A., & David, M. E. (2016). My life has become a major distraction from my cell phone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in human behavior, 54, 134-141.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.058

Rotondi, V., Stanca, L., & Tomasuolo, M. (2017). Connecting alone: Smartphone use, quality of social interactions and well-being. Journal of Economic Psychology, 63, 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2017.09.001

Ruiz, M. J., Herruzo, C., & Alcañiz-Colomer, J. (2024). Psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the General Phubbing Scale. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 56, 64-71.‏ https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2024.v56.7

Santos, A. D. A. (2023). As relações entre personalidade, comportamento de Phubbing e uso do Instagram de brasileiros [The relationships between personality, Phubbing behavior and Instagram use of Brazilians]. [Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Federal do Amazonas].

Santos, A. D. A., Torres, M. D. S., Santos, L. F. N. D., & Martins, H. D. A. (2023). Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evidence of the Phubbing Scale. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 33, e3332.‏ https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-4327e3332

Schneider, F. M., & Hitzfeld, S. (2021). I ought to put down that phone but I phub nevertheless: Examining the predictors of phubbing behavior. Social Science Computer Review, 39(6), 1075-1088. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439319882365

Smith, A. (2018). Digital Mindfulness: How to Find Balance and Purpose in a Digital World. Kogan Page.

Yam, F. C., & Kumcağız, H. (2020). Adaptation of general phubbing scale to Turkish culture and investigation of phubbing levels of university students in terms of various variables. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 7(1), 48-60.‏ https://doi.org/10.5152/addicta.2020.19061

Announcement

EDUPIJ Citation Metrics

EDUPIJ News!