Abstract

Conclusion. The underrepresentation of women in leadership roles in higher education institutions is a pervasive phenomenon observed across the globe. It is important to understand the factors that impede women's access to leadership roles in higher education, particularly in light of Kazakhstan's prevailing social, political, and economic circumstances. Although the proportion of female administrators in Kazakhstani higher education is relatively high compared to other countries, it is evident that it does not align with the desired level. It can be posited that structural impediments, such as the glass ceiling phenomenon constrain the accessibility of women to tertiary education in Kazakhstan. 

Keywords: Career pathways survey, glass-ceiling, higher education, Kazakhstan, CBS-SEM

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